تقصي سلوک المشرفيـن وسلوک المواطنة التنظيمية عند مرؤوسيهم في ضوء قطاعي التجزئة والتصنيع بالمملکة العربية السعودية

نوع المستند : بحوث باللغة العربیة

المؤلفون

1 أستاذ مساعد - موارد بشرية وسلوک تنظيمي، قسم إدارة الموارد البشرية، کلية الاقتصاد والإدارة، جامعة الملک عبد العزيـز، المملکة العربية السعودية

2 کلية الاقتصاد والإدارة، جامعة الملک عبد العزيـز، المملکة العربية السعودية

3 أستاذ مساعد - إدارة أعمال، قسم إدارة الأعمال، کلية الاقتصاد والإدارة، جامعة الملک عبد العزيـز، المملکة العربية السعودية

المستخلص

لقد سعت الدراسة الحالية إلى فهم طريقة تصور الأفراد العامليـن في شرکات تجارة التجزئة والتصنيع لسلوک مشرفيهم، وفهم إلى أي مدى قد يحفزهم ذلک التصور أو يثنيهم عن إظهار سلوک المواطنة التنظيمية (OCB). تم جمع البيانات باستخدام نهج نوعي يشمل 22 مقابلة مع موظفيـن يعملون في تجارة التجزئة والتصنيع. وتم تحليل المقابلات المکتوبة بشکل موضوعي وأسفر ذلک عن تشکيل موضوعات أساسية وفرعية تتعلق بالعوامل التي تشجع أو تثني عن سلوک المواطنة التنظيمية. تم تحديد کلٍ من دعم الموظفيـن والشعور بالثقة والأمن والتقديـر والإنصاف والتواصل الجيد والاحتـرام بوصفها العوامل التي تؤثـر بشکل إيجابي على سلوک المواطنة التنظيمية. وأشارت النتائج إلى أن العدوانية اللفظية وانعدام الثقة والظلم واللامبالاة ونقص المعرفة کلها أمور تؤثـر سلبًا على سلوک المواطنة التنظيمية للموظفيـن. تعد هذه الورقة إضافة مهمة إلى مجموعة المؤلفات فيما يتعلق بالعوامل التي تؤثـر على سلوک المواطنة التنظيمية للمرؤوسيـن في سياق سعودي. ويمکن للمؤسسات أن تطبيق نتائج هذه الدراسة على سياستها لأن سلوک المواطنة التنظيمية مهم لنجاح أي عمل تجاري. نظرًا لأن دراسة سلوک المواطنة التنظيمية عادة ما تتم في سياق غربي وعن طريق الأساليب الکمية؛ لذا فإن قيمة هذه الدراسة تتمثل في أنها تبحث في سلوک المواطنة التنظيمية في سياق شرق أوسطي - وبشکل أکثـر تحديداً في سياق المملکة العربية السعودية، کما أنها تستخدم أساليب نوعية لخلق فهم عميق للعوامل المشجعة على سلوک المواطنة التنظيمية، والمثبطة عنه.
 
The current study sought to understand how individuals working in the retail and manufacturing business perceive their supervisors’ behavior and how this encourages or discourages their organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB). Data were gathered using a qualitative approach involving 22 interviews with employees working in the retail and manufacturing business. Transcribed interviews were thematically analyzed and resulted in the formation of themes and subthemes relating to the factors contributing or discouraging OCB. Employee support, feelings of trust and security, recognition, fairness, proper communication, and respect were identified as the factors positively influencing OCB
Findings suggested that verbal aggression, distrust and unfairness, apathy, and lack of knowledge negatively affect employees’ OCB. This paper adds to the body of literature on which factors influence subordinates’ OCB in a Saudi context. Organizations may want to apply the results of this study to their policy as OCB is important for the success of any business. OCB is usually studied in a western context and by means of quantitative methods. The value of this study is that it researches OCB in a Middle Eastern context – more specifically in the context of Saudi Arabia – and that it deploys qualitative methods to create an in-depth understanding of the factors encouraging and discouraging OCB.

الكلمات الرئيسية

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